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Au cœur de la réflexion sur la Révolution française, la « terreur » constitue une véritable énigme. Comment cette révolution, qui promeut les Droits de l'Homme, entend réformer la justice au nom des Lumières et convaincre ses opposants par la seule force de la Raison, en vient-elle à mettre en œuvre une terrible répression contre ses adversaires ? La guillotine, initialement conçue pour être un symbole d'humanisation de la peine capitale, devient ainsi un redoutable instrument d'élimination politique et marque en profondeur l'image de la Révolution, mais aussi celle de la France dans le monde. Fruit d'un prétendu « système » inventé par les vainqueurs de Robespierre, la Terreur est ici saisie dans toute sa complexité, notamment dans ses liens avec l'état d'exception et le Gouvernement révolutionnaire. Cet ouvrage a pour ambition de livrer des éléments factuels et des réflexions qui permettront de comprendre comment ce phénomène de la « terreur » a pu aussi durablement ternir l'image et le souvenir de la Révolution française.
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Terrorism --- Terror --- Terror in art --- Terror in literature --- Philosophy --- Terrorism - Congresses --- Terrorism - Philosophy - Congresses --- Terror - Congresses --- Terror in art - Congresses --- Terror in literature - Congresses
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Islamismus --- Terror --- Repression --- Diaspora --- Politik
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Terror --- Political violence --- Paul, - the Apostle, Saint
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Botany --- Botany --- Botany --- Erebus (Ship). --- Terror (Ship).
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At the heart of how history sees the French Revolution lies the enigma of the Terror. How did this archetypal revolution, founded on the principles of liberty and equality and the promotion of human rights, arrive at circumstances where it carried out the violent and terrible repression of its opponents? The guillotine, initially designed to be a 'humane' form of capital punishment, became a formidable instrument of political repression and left a deep imprint, not only on how we see the Revolution, but also on how France's image has been depicted in the world. This book reconstructs the Terror in all its complexity. It shows that the popular view of a so-called 'system of terror' was retrospectively invented by the group of revolutionaries who overthrew Robespierre, as a way of trying to exonerate themselves from culpability. What we think of as 'the Terror' is best understood as an improvised and sometimes chaotic response to events, based on the urgent needs of a revolutionary government confronted by a succession of political and military crises. It was a government of 'exception' - a crisis government. Terror brings together a wealth of factual elements, along with recent thinking on the ideological, emotional and tactical dimensions of revolutionary politics, to throw new light on how the phenomenon of terror came to demonise the image and memory of the French Revolution. It will be essential reading for students and scholars of the French Revolution and for anyone concerned with the ways in which political conflict can descend into violence.
Terror --- History --- France --- Psychological aspects. --- Historiography. --- Influence.
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"The inquisitorial apparatus that was first invented in the Middle Ages remained in operation for the next six hundred years, and it has never been wholly dismantled. As we shall see, an unbroken thread links the friar-inquisitors who set up the rack and the pyre in southern France in the early thirteenth century to the torturers and executioners of Nazi Germany and Stalinist Russia in the mid-twentieth century. Nor does the thread stop at Auschwitz or the Gulag; it can be traced through the Salem witch trials in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, the internment of Japanese-Americans during World War II, the Hollywood blacklists of the McCarthy era, and even the interrogation cells at Abu Ghraib and Guantanamo."--P. 3.
Inquisition --- Terror --- Religious aspects --- Christianity --- History
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